For many thousands of years, men have used nickel in many of their needs. Previously, they weren't conscious of the chemical characteristics of the element and which they could use nickel alloys in many different applications too.
What is nickel?
Nickel is a versatile metal, a chemical component, with an atomic number of 28 and chemical symbol Ni. It's glossy and sometimes silvery-white in look. It is a ferromagnetic component which can exist in room temperature. There're just 3 other components which have the same characteristic: gadolinium, iron and cobalt.
How was nickel discovered?
It is supposed that man has used nickel since 3500 BC. However, it was only in 1751 that it was categorized and recognized as a chemical component by Swedish chemist & mineralogist Axel Fredrik Cronstedt who, for the first time, thought it was a copper mineral. From then, essential nickel ore minerals are discovered, such as limonite, pentlandite and garnierite.
What are the characteristics of nickel?
The characteristics of nickel are divided into atomic, physical, isotopes, and chemical. Its atomic properties include its electronic configuration, electron structure, and any other electron-related stuff.
Its physical characteristics include its color (that's silvery-white), magnetic abilities (like what was stated before, it is among the four elements which have magnetic abilities at room temperature, but is non-magnetic when open in temperature greater than that), & unit cell structure (nickel has a face centered cubic unit cell). It's also ductile and rigid.
Nickel has 5 stable isotopes, all of them has an unique set of properties and characteristics. And when we speak of nickel's chemical properties, it takes place in many oxidation states. The most typical of them all is +2.
Where is nickel used?
Plenty of industries today use nickel in their operations. Many of the products which use nickel are rechargeable batteries, stainless steel, coinage, electric guitar strings, magnets, nickel alloys and any other kinds of alloys, including bronze, copper, lead, silver, gold, cobalt, aluminum & chromium. It's also used to make nickel cast irons and nickel steels.
Nickel alloys are usually used in power plants, gas and oil plants, and any other processing factories. They're excellent at corrosion resistance and heat regulation. They are also used in nuclear reactors and solar engineering. In our home, nickel alloys are found in our electrical heaters, cookers and any other domestic device.
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